字符串截取
从左向右截取第一个//后的字符串
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word#*//}
# 输出:master-01://httpab
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从左向右截取最后一个//后的字符串
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word##*//}
# 输出:httpab
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从右向左截取第一个//后的字符串
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word%//*}
# 输出:abcd-//master-01:
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从右向左截取最一个//后的字符串
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word%%//*}
# 输出:abcd-
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截取位置0后3个字符
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word:0:3}
# 输出:abc
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从位置1截取到末尾
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word:1}
# 输出:bcd-//master-01://httpab
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从位置-1截取到末尾，就是截取最后一个
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word:(-1)}
# 输出:b
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字符串替换
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| 从左到右，匹配第一个，替换//为cd
word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word/\/\//cd}
# 输出:abcd-cdmaster-01://httpab
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将所有匹配的//替换为cd
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word//\/\//cd}
# 输出:abcd-cdmaster-01:cdhttpab
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前缀匹配，只匹配从位置0开始的字符
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word/#ab/cd}
# -不是前缀，会匹配失败
echo ${word/#-/cd}
# 输出:abcd-cdmaster-01://httpab
# 输出:abcd-//master-01://httpab
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后缀匹配，只匹配结尾字符
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word/%http*/xy}
# 输出:abcd-//master-01://xy
echo ${word/%ab/xy}
# 输出:abcd-//master-01://httpxy
echo ${word/%ab*/xy}
# 出现*，会从起始匹配
# 输出:xy
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字符串删除
利用字符截取和替换，以及拼接可以实现删除字符的效果
删除前3个字符
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word#*${word:0:3}}
# 输出:d-//master-01://httpab
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删除后3个字符
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word%*${word:(-3)}}
# 输出:abcd-//master-01://htt
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删除第一个ab
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word/ab/}
# 输出:cd-//master-01://httpab
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删除所有ab
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpab
echo ${word//ab/}
# 输出:cd-//master-01://http
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删除最后一个ab
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| word=abcd-//master-01://httpabcd
echo ${word%ab*}${word##*ab}
# 输出:abcd-//master-01://httpcd
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字符串trim
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| 利用xargs可以实现trim
word=" hello wolrd "
word=`echo $word | xargs`
echo $word
# 输出:hello wolrd
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参考链接